Aug 7, 2020 | News, Newsletter
Mike Birch of Hunt the Sun Safaris takes us on a trip through South Africa’s largest province.
Possibly the most underrated hunting destination in South Africa, the Northern Cape offers hunters a wide diversity of species and habitats. Being the largest province in South Africa, yet with the lowest populace, already means that you are on the right path if you yearn for open country with big skies. The Northern Cape is a vast area with large parts being arid and seemingly inhospitable. The people are hardy and genuine, untainted by modern trappings.
- Click here to see more of the Northern Cape’s people, places and wildlife.
The Kalahari is a well-known hunting destination with its red sand dunes and camel thorn trees, an area renowned for heavy-bodied springbok and herds of gemsbok. The Northern Cape, however, offers so much more than just the Kalahari. The distances in the Northern Cape are huge – many often don’t realise just how much so. To travel from Kimberley to Union’s End, the furthest northern point in the Kgalagadi Park where the Botswana, Namibia and South African borders meet is a distance of almost 1,000km (620 miles) and more than a day’s drive. Port Nolloth on our coastline is again almost 950km (590 miles) in a westerly direction.
Local fisherman in Port Nolloth
The Northern Cape contains six biomes: the Nama Karoo, Succulent Karoo, Savannah, Grassland, Fynbos and Desert Biomes. A biome is an area that is classified according to the plants and animals that live in it. Each biome can also have different ecosystems and vegetation types or groupings. Perhaps it is important to consider that in nature you seldom find distinctive lines separating biomes, and these areas are integrated with often wide transition zones. These zones are dependent on factors such as rainfall, aspect, soil substrate, and elevation. The Kalahari has been well described, and probably needs little introduction, as is the Karoo (part of the Nama Karoo biome) which is also well known. The Richtersveld, Bushmanland and remainder of the Karoo regions that make up the western part of the Northern Cape fall into either the Nama or Succulent karoo, and for the purposes of covering vegetation descriptions will not be discussed widely.
- Click here to see people of Northern Cape.
- Click here to see a typical town street in the Northern Cape.
This, however, does not mean that the areas do not have hunting. On the contrary, the greater part of the Karoo region offers incredible opportunities for hunters. Specialist hunting for scarce species such as klipspringer and the elusive grey rhebok make these areas highly sought-after. However, in this article I will concentrate on the region of Kimberley and its surrounding areas.
Kimberley is famous for it’s Big Hole mine
The area surrounding Kimberley falls largely within the Savannah and Grassland biomes, although some Karoo elements are evident. The landscape consists of wide-open grassy plains with scattered trees and scrubs. Dotted throughout the landscape are inselbergs which are locally known as kopjes. These rocky outcrops provide a unique and diverse array of flora in an otherwise flat landscape.
In areas where the substrate consists of deep red sands, the tall, characteristic camel thorn and umbrella thorn trees dominate, providing that authentic African savannah backdrop. Where the soil become shallower, the bush is denser and short, and the dwarf karroid shrubs that are present provide much-needed nutrition to the antelope.
- Click here to see a picture of a San Bushman, the original inhabitants of the area.
An interesting feature in the area includes the Northern Cape salt pans that occur as small depressions. These are ephemeral pans that only contain surface water for short periods of time, filling only after high rainfall events. They provide unique transient habitats for an array of birdlife, including the lesser and greater flamingos that form a pink wave across the desert mirage.
So what makes this area so special? Its diversity. The area is a transition zone between the Savannah, Grassland and Nama Karoo biomes, each with a number of different vegetation types, as well as having South Africa’s largest two rivers flowing through before joining to result in a huge diversity of habitat. Few places offer such marked differentiation in habitat which, of course, allows for a wide variety of species to be hunted. On a hunt you could cover areas with deep-red Kalahari sands with huge camel thorn trees, kopjes, and thick stands of the aromatic Camphor bush or Karoo – all on one property!
All these vegetation types have a grass component, and this has led to the area being well sought-after by game farmers. Diverse vegetation coupled with good soil minerals produces healthy animals.
The Kimberley region has a mixed average rainfall ranging from 350mm – 550mm, usually increasing as you head north and decreasing as you head west. The temperatures oscillate between the extremes. We have measured -10° Celsius (14° Fahrenheit) in winter, but summer days can be unbearably hot, in excess of 45° Celsius (113° Fahrenheit).
Using a koppie as a good vantage point looking over the umbrella thorn veld. Note good grass diversity
Game species that have been introduced have generally adapted extremely well. Very few species are not suited to this region, and these are mainly browsers from warmer climates. Nyala have been widely introduced and tend to struggle in the cold winter months, with high lamb mortalities. A few bushbuck have also been introduced with mixed results. These animals, as well as blue duiker, red duiker, and suni are best hunted in the coastal areas where they naturally occur. Roan and sable are common, as well as introduced species such as impala, warthog, bontebok and common reedbuck.
Indigenous game includes blesbok, springbok, eland, red hartebeest, blue wildebeest, black wildebeest, duiker, steenbok, tsessebe, Burchell’s zebra, Hartmann’s zebra, mountain reedbuck, buffalo, black rhino, white rhino, gemsbok, and ostrich. Grey rhebok and klipspringer, although not naturally occurring in the Kimberley area, are found in parts of the Northern Cape. Strictly, these will not all be indigenous to all areas of the Northern Cape – they are treated as indigenous to the province for administrative purposes and for the purposes of this article.
So if you have not yet made a trip to the Northern Cape, you should do so. The big open skies and abundant game with herds of springbok, gemsbok and other plains game often numbering in their hundreds, are a sight to see. Hospitality is typical of the platteland (rural areas) and facilities range from simple farmhouses to upmarket catered lodges. Proudly Northern Cape!
Aug 6, 2020 | News
In my July column I discussed the mysterious deaths of numbers of elephants in the Okavango Delta region of Botswana. The authorities in that country have been rather reticent about releasing any results of the tests conducted on tissue samples from the dead elephants by a number of laboratories in several different countries, which in itself seems rather strange. Meanwhile the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic are having a devasting effect on people, wildlife and conservation in many parts of Africa.
On 10 July 2020, Reuters ran a story titled Botswana gets first test results on elephant deaths. It said Botswana had received test results from samples sent to Zimbabwe to determine the cause of death of hundreds of elephants but was ‘waiting for more results from South Africa next week before sharing findings with the public’.
“We have to wait for another set of results and reconcile the two to see if they are saying the same thing before we come to a definitive conclusion,” Oduetse Kaboto, a senior official in the environment and tourism ministry, said in a televised briefing. “We are hoping the second set of results will come in next week and that’s when we should be able to communicate to the public the cause of deaths.”
In the same story, it was reported that Chris Foggin, from Zimbabwe’s Victoria Falls Wildlife Trust, which conducted tests on elephant samples from Botswana, said only that country’s government could share the findings.
But Botswana has yet not made any official announcements regarding the test results, and on 3 August a report appeared in Science Alert, purporting that something was actually known about the cause if the elephants deaths. The article reported that preliminary tests conducted in various countries ‘have not been fully conclusive and more are being carried out’.
Botswana’s Wildlife and Parks Department boss Cyril Taolo apparently told AFP in a phone interview that “based on some of the preliminary results that we have received, we are looking at naturally-occurring toxins as the potential cause. To date we have not established the conclusion as to what is the cause of the mortality”. He explained that some bacteria can naturally produce poison, particularly in stagnant water.
However, in my July column I reported that the theory of toxins in water bodies was specifically excluded, because no other animal species in the affected areas had died near water bodies where dead elephants were found. Whatever was killing the elephants appeared to be strictly species-specific.
Botswana authorities have now reported that elephants are no longer dying in the affected parts of the country, and so the mystery continues…
Meanwhile it is no mystery that the COVID-19 pandemic is having a devastating impact on African wildlife and biodiversity conservation, and that the rural people who live close to ecotourism and hunting areas are faced with dire circumstances as financial benefits from wildlife utilisation dry up.
Numerous families whose livelihoods depended on revenues from conservation and hunting activities are facing starvation, as international travel bans have killed the tourism revenue that used to flow into Africa.
Drastic times call for drastic measures, and one can but hope that African conservation agencies and managers will rise to the occasion, and ensure that sustainable subsistence hunting be allowed under strict management and reasonable quotas. Unless this is done in an orderly and sensible way, uncontrolled hunting and poaching can be expected to spread like wildlife across the continent.
Particularly in areas where local communities have worked with government conservation agencies to protect and nurture wildlife on their land or in adjacent protected areas, this is the time when they should be rewarded, not in cash this time, but in kind. The kind that you can eat and provide sustenance for your family.
Dr John Ledger is a past Director of the Endangered Wildlife Trust, a consultant and academic on energy and the environment, and a columnist for the African Hunting Gazette. He lives in Johannesburg, South Africa. John.Ledger@wol.co.za
Aug 5, 2020 | News, Newsletter
The southern oryx, or gemsbok (O. g. gazella) is a large antelope with a stocky build and a short, thick neck. Both sexes carry long, almost straight, transversely ridged, rapier-like horns with those of bull shorter and more robust. The body is greyish-fawn in colour, with black-and-white marked faces; a black stripe extends down throat and black stripe along each side separating upperparts from white underparts.
Distribution
You’ll find the gemsbok in Namibia, Botswana and South Africa with marginal populations in Angola and Zimbabwe. Hunting takes place in two of the main range states.
Conservation standing
Southern oryx has a population of >300 000.
Habitats
Dry, open country but also occupy lightly wooded, open grass savanna. Southern oryx also found in sand dune country.
Behavior
Form herds of up to 30 animals but when moving to feeding grounds, several hundred may gather temporarily. There are regional and seasonal variations in herd size and composition, mixed-sex herds, nursery herds or small bull groups. A territory-holding bull rounds up mixed or nursery herds and has sole mating rights. A bull will establish a territory when he reaches his fifth to seventh year. In southern oryx these territories average 7.6 km² (1 878 acres) to 25.7 km² (6 350 acres), whereas herd home ranges in the Kalahari average 1 430 km² (552 mi2). Bulls may hold a territory for up to three years.
Food
Mainly grazers, but will browse, take seed pods and wild fruits.
A pair of southern oryx bulls sparring at water
Southern oryx at edge of waterhole, Etosha
Aug 5, 2020 | News, Newsletter
Tell us about your family, how they originally got to Africa
My family started exploring southern Africa in the 1970s. My grandfather purchased a ranch in former South West Africa, now Namibia. My father Dietmar and my mother moved to Namibia in 1990 when I was born. They lived on a mountainous ranch in the Khomas Hochland, and after four years my parents were ranching and hunting on three ranches. Now we are living on a farm in the central Khomas Highland with a conservancy area of 174 000 hectares.
When and where were you born?
I was born on 16 October 1990 in Windhoek. Having German parents it gave me the opportunity to become a Namibian national which I am proud of.
How did you get into hunting – what was it that influenced you?
When he was hunting kudu and mountain zebra, my father would take me with him in my baby-seat.
With whom did you train, apprentice and learn from?
My father taught me the principles of fair-chase hunting. Then Isaak Songo, my father’s right-hand ranch manager, a Damara Bushman, trained me the art of walk and stalk hunting. Today, Isaak and I are still hunting together.
What was the most important thing you learned during those early years?
Definitely patience.
What did you enjoy about hunting?
To travel and to explore different areas of Africa and to get to know the people. With all guest hunters, we share the same love for the nature, the flora and fauna, and therefore we are friends.
Anything you leant about what not to do?
Become impatient
Which countries/areas have you hunted since then and for which animals?
In AfricaI hunted Namibia and Cameroon. In Europe Germany, France and Romania it was for red stag, wild boar and roebuck, and in Russia – Kamchatka – for moose and brown bear. In the USA, Montana, it was for Puma.
What led you to be there and tell us about those experiences?
This topic is ideally talked about at the campfire with a gin and tonic. What led me there was always on invitation to visit guests that had been on safari with me here in Namibia. Each time I have been welcomed at a friend’s house, someone who loved sharing their home with me.
What did you find interesting about different places?
Each country and the people themselves have their own ways of hunting and protecting their home environments.
If you could return to any time or place in Africa, where would it be?
Always to my home, the Khomas Highlands!
Which is your favorite trophy animal to hunt? And why?
Kudu hunting in the Khomas Highland. To me, the kudu bulls are one of the most majestic animals.
What is the best trophy animal one of your clients ever took?
The best kudu trophies taken were one 62” with a PH from Alaska, the second 59” a gentleman from Sweden, and 58” with a good friend from Florida. These are my top three.
Tell us about two of your most memorable hunts – without naming names
My father passed away last year and I favor all hunting memories with him.
Tell us about a disaster of a client and what you had to deal with
There is only one client that comes up in my thoughts and that’s a fellow who came with his wife. They were both a bit overweight, and the wife as always laughing when she had a glass wine or more. It all started well with a huge blue wildebeest in the salt. The next day we wounded an oryx and after a long follow-up we got a second opportunity which failed. Then we headed for a giraffe, but the client’s shooting was awful and I had to take the back-up shot to finish the hunt. He was not happy, and they both decided they would prefer to stay in the Hilton for the rest of their stay.
What are your recommendations on guns, ammo, or equipment for the first-time hunter to Africa?
For plains-game hunting I recommend the .300 WinMag or the .375 H&H
Which guns and ammo are you using to back-up on dangerous or wounded game and tell us why?
The most dangerous-game hunting my team and I do is for leopard. We are always heavily armed, from 12 gauge shotguns to the M14, the .300 Win Mag, the .458 Lott, and even the .470 NE double has joined us on these dangerous hunts.
Have you had any brushes with death?
I might be a bit boring on this one: If you carefully approach wounded game the golden rule is not to cross their sight and approach from the back. The second golden rule is always have a back-up shot ready then nothing should happen. Although if I think about brushes with death, there have been some experiences where the heart starts racing, but always kept a cool head.
If you should suggest one thing to your hunting clients to improve their safari experience, with you, or with anyone else for that matter – what would it be?
The most important thing is to be excited and to be ready for the adventure. If you have a good PH you will have the time of your life.
What can the industry do to contribute to the long-term conservation of Africa’s wildlife?
All of us who love the outdoors and the open horizons need to keep on hunting because conservation hunting is the best tool for conserving Africa’s wilderness.
What would be your ideal safari if you have one last safari?
I would have loved to go back to the Caprivi for another buffalo hunt with my father. I would never be where I am today without him.
Jul 29, 2020 | News
July independence …or not?
In line with USA’s month of Independence, it seems just about everything has lost its independence. From education, social and main stream media, our civil liberties, through to just about anything else. The only thing we truly have left that’s independent are our minds.
And even they’re attacked from every angle, every day. Retaining independence and clarity of thought is a feat all on its own. As an aside, if you have not read the book by Christopher Wiley (the brains behind Cambridge Analytica) this is an incredible and terrifying read.
Jul 7, 2020 | News
In May this year, elephants started dying in the Okavango Delta region of Botswana, a country known for its large and burgeoning elephant numbers. With a population estimated at some 135,000 individuals, Botswana has the largest concentration of these pachyderms in Africa. But there are no fences between neighbouring countries, so Botswana’s elephants are able to move between that country, Angola, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe. To date, an estimated 400 elephants have apparently died, without any cause having been pinpointed to date. A mystery indeed.
The Botswana government has come under fire for not finding out what is killing their elephants, but reports say that samples are now being examined by several different laboratories. It should be remembered that the movement of humans and goods in southern Africa have been negatively affected by the COVID-19 ‘lockdowns’. The following reasons for the elephant mortality have been considered:
Poaching? No – dead animals have not had their tusks removed, so poaching seems unlikely.
Persecution? Many rural folks in Botswana are very disgruntled with elephants which destroy their crops, houses and often people at times. Some may be tempted to take revenge on elephants for this reason, but no evidence of gunshots is visible on any of the carcasses examined.
Poison? A number of elephants were killed in neighbouring Zimbabwe when a waterhole was poisoned with cyanide. But such poisoning incidents usually affect other species drinking water from the same waterhole, or scavengers like vultures that feed on poisoned carcasses. No such evidence is forthcoming from Botswana.
Toxic algae? Some blue-green algae are known to be toxic to mammals, but again, if this was the cause we would expect other species drinking from the same waterholes to be affected. They are not – this thing is apparently elephant-specific.
Anthrax? This disease is known to kill elephants, but during an outbreak, many different species are usually affected. There is no evidence that anthrax is the culprit.
Starvation? No – Botswana has had reasonable rains, and the elephant carcasses do not appear to be emaciated. Starvation normally affects the very young and the very old, but the carcasses examined so far seem to be subadults and adults in good condition.
A new, previously unknown virus affecting the nervous system? In the outbreak area, elephants have been seen to be walking in circles. A number of the elephants have apparently collapsed face-down and died like that, indicating a very sudden onset of a fatal neurological event.
This last one got me thinking about events many years ago when my friend and colleague Dr Peter Mundy was studying vultures in then Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) for his Doctoral degree. He kept a number of different species in captivity for his research, and had the sad experience of quite a few of these birds dying of what he described as ‘epileptic fits’. Affected birds would stagger about in circles, falling on their backs with convulsions and quickly die. The mysterious agent responsible was spread from affected birds to healthy individuals.
Brain tissue from the dead birds was sent to Dr Bob Swanepoel, a very good veterinary researcher in the country. However, due to various circumstances beyond his control, Dr Swanepoel could only get around to examining these specimens several years later, when he was working at the Onderstepoort Veterinary Research Institute in South Africa.
He found evidence of a virus in brain tissue that probably caused this deadly neurological syndrome in the affected vultures. Unfortunately, nothing further has ever been done to conduct more research on this particular avian disease.
Living in the age of COVID-19, it seems clear that a virus from bats managed to transfer to humans in Wuhan, China, possibly via pangolins. Given this potential for interspecies transmission of viruses, is it possible that Peter Mundy’s vultures picked up their deadly virus from eating dead elephants that had succumbed to the same agent? And that the same or a similar virus has now resurfaced in the elephants in the Okavango Delta? What happens to disease transmission when animal (or human?) populations grow too large? Again, I am reminded of an epidemic of rabies that decimated the very large population of Kudu in Namibia many years ago.…
Hopefully the mystery of Botswana’s elephant mortality will be solved, sooner or later. But these things do take time, as critics of the Botswana government should be reminded. It took many years, and the near-extinction of the vultures in India and Pakistan, before it was finally discovered that the birds were being killed in their thousands by Diclofenac (‘Voltaren’), a drug commonly used to treat sick cattle in both countries. When some of these medicated livestock died, they were consumed by vultures, with devastating results. What a terrible outcome for these magnificent birds, which “Even when bloody, have done no creature harm”.
Dr John Ledger is a past Director of the Endangered Wildlife Trust, a consultant and academic on energy and the environment, and a columnist for the African Hunting Gazette. He lives in Johannesburg, South Africa.
John.Ledger@wol.co.za
Jun 8, 2020 | News, Newsletter, RSS Feed
The theme for this year’s global environment day is biodiversity, meaning the components of the natural world that work together to constitute the living planet. The number and variety of species in the world is astonishingly huge, with only a fraction of the species known and described. The rate of extinction of species is a cause for concern, particularly as the major reason for extinctions is the superabundance of human beings.
Now, at this time of the pandemic of COVID-19, it may not be very fashionable to campaign for the conservation of a virus that is causing so much misery and disruption to the human population. But biodiversity in its broadest sense includes viruses, bacteria, fungi, arthropods and other forms of life that can cause harm to other living organisms. The very core of biodiversity is that every conceivable lifestyle will be exploited by organisms of different kinds in order to survive and replicate themselves. So, we have parasites, predators and prey making up the web of life that we call biodiversity.
Humans have learnt to cultivate and farm a variety of plants and animals to provide a reliable source of food. But many humans still depend on foraging for wild plants and hunting of animals for their daily sustenance, and many such people live in Africa. As more and more humans migrate to the cities of the continent, seeking better lives and the benefits of modern civilisation, they also retain their taste for bushmeat, and commercial trade in wild plants and animals thrives in the urban centres of the world. Here the concentration of humans makes the rapid spread of harmful organisms such as viruses that much easier. There is strong evidence that the COVID-19 virus originated from bats in China.
Various epidemics or pandemics have afflicted humans for a long time. More than 100 years ago the Spanish Flu spread around the world after World War I ended in 1918. My own grandfather was one of its victims. And who can forget the poliomyelitis epidemics of the 1940s, that killed many and left many others crippled for life? The South African Poliomyelitis Research Foundation was established in Johannesburg with funds raised largely from the public. In parallel with efforts in the United States of America, a vaccine was achieved simultaneously in both countries in 1955, and a mass global immunisation campaign has seen the disease disappear from most of the world.
Hopefully the COVID-19 virus will likewise be conquered in time by the development of a vaccine. It is rather ironic that modern medicine has been able to extend and prolong life for many people suffering from various ailments, but this older group of humans seems particularly susceptible to the ‘new’ Coronavirus.
With travel, tourism and hunting at a complete standstill, we can but fervently hope that the success story around the polio vaccine some 70 years ago will soon be repeated. And perhaps on World Environment Day, we also need to recognise that not all the wondrous expressions of biodiversity out there are good for us!
Dr John Ledger is a past Director of the Endangered Wildlife Trust, a consultant and academic on energy and the environment, and a columnist for the African Hunting Gazette. John.Ledger@wol.co.za
May 8, 2020 | News, Newsletter, RSS Feed
Garth Owen-Smith lost his battle with cancer on 21 April 2020, and so ended the life of an extraordinary man who has left an indelible mark on the practice of wildlife conservation in Africa. For 53 years, from his first visit to Namibia in 1967, Garth devoted his life to changing the way in which wildlife policies and attitudes to rural communities were implemented.
Colonial attitudes and philosophies brought to Africa saw rural Africans as ‘poachers’, to be pursued and punished by the equivalent of the European ‘gamekeepers’, whose job was to protect the ‘Royal Game’ within the areas designated for their protection. In this way most rural Africans were alienated from wildlife and denied access to the wild resources that they had traditionally utilised for centuries.
Garth Owen-Smith’s story was published in African Hunting Gazette 23.2 in 2017. His early years in Namibia (then ‘South West Africa’, administered by South Africa since 1921 after World War I) were characterised by ongoing friction with government officials who regarded rural communities as incompatible with wildlife conservation goals. Garth’s view was that unless these same communities were treated as legal custodians of the wildlife they lived alongside, there was no hope for nature conservation in Africa. His philosophy was articulated in a seminal article entitled Wildlife conservation in Africa: There is another way!, published in Quagga # 17 (1987), the journal of the Endangered Wildlife Trust.
r the years, Garth suffered considerable deprivation and hardship, but stuck firmly to his convictions. With his anthropologist partner, Dr Margaret Jacobsohn, steady headway was made, which escalated rapidly after Namibia’s independence in 1990. The new regime was very supportive of the notion of communities having ownership and responsibility for the wildlife on their land, and the concept of ‘conservancies’ was widely implemented.
By 2017 there were 83 registered conservancies in Namibia, covering 163,000 square kilometres of land, over which wildlife was now managed as a valuable and sustainable resource through tourism, live game capture and sales, subsistence hunting and trophy hunting. Today Namibia leads the African continent in its enlightened wildlife conservation policies, which have ensured the increase in numbers of rhinos, elephants and a myriad other species that have benefitted from the conservancy concept.
It is not often that individuals can play a major role in shaping far-reaching national policies, but Garth-Owen Smith was one of them, and we salute his legacy and his memory with gratitude and appreciation for a life truly well-lived.
Dr John Ledger is a past Director of the Endangered Wildlife Trust, a consultant and academic on energy and the environment, and a columnist for the African Hunting Gazette. John.Ledger@wol.co.za
Apr 9, 2020 | News
Apr 3, 2020 | News, Newsletter, RSS Feed
While the world goes into “lockdown” in an attempt to slow the spread of the virus, international travel, tourism and hunting activities have ground to a halt. The flow of money that used to reach rural African communities in the form of hunting income has dried up. What are these custodians of African wildlife resources going to do?
The tourism and hunting industries are generally not sufficiently organised to have reserve funds to pay workers in their industries at such unexpected times of stress. Large numbers of employees in safari and bush camps all across Africa have lost their jobs.
It is to be hoped that those operators that have made good profits during the good years will support their loyal employees during this stressful time. The NGOs that work with rural communities also have a vital supporting role to play. Nobody knows how long it will take for international travel to resume, and for visitors to return to Africa. But it will happen, sooner or later, and the challenge is to weather the storm until it is spent.
Until then, it is important that the valuable wildlife resources of Africa be protected against exploitation by the criminals who are already advantaged by the CITES bans on trade in ivory and rhino horn. Because no legal trade is allowed, only the illegal trade is allowed to flourish, thanks to the lunacy of CITES and the animal rights activists that seem to determine policy there.
Government conservation agencies are under extreme pressure to maintain their presence and uphold law enforcement among rural communities that have lost their incomes from tourism and hunting. What they can do is ensure that such communities have access to protein from controlled and sustainable subsistence hunting of non-threatened species. In this way the wildlife of Africa can at least support the lives of their custodians until such time as the currency-based economy returns to rural regions.
Those rural communities that have nurtured their wildlife populations over the years for the benefits of ecotourism and hunting, can now turn to their valuable assets as a sustainable source of food in times of need. They deserve nothing less.
Dr John Ledger is a past Director of the Endangered Wildlife Trust, a consultant and academic on energy and the environment, and a columnist for the African Hunting Gazette. John.Ledger@wol.co.za
Possibly the most underrated hunting destination in South Africa, the Northern Cape offers hunters a wide diversity of species and habitats. Being the largest province in South Africa, yet with the lowest populace, already means that you are on the right path if you yearn for open country with big skies. The Northern Cape is a vast area with large parts being arid and seemingly inhospitable. The people are hardy and genuine, untainted by modern trappings.
